Self-medication in summer: a common but dangerous practice
During the hot months, many people resort to medication without consulting a professional. Self-medication—that is, the use of drugs without a prescription or up-to-date medical supervision—may seem like a quick solution to relieve minor discomfort, but it carries significant risks, especially in summer, when nearly 40% of the Spanish population engages in this behavior, increasing the likelihood of adverse effects and complications.
Why does self-medication increase in summer?
Seemingly minor annoying symptoms, easy access to over-the-counter medications, or not wanting to interrupt vacations lead to this practice. However, heat, sun exposure, and changes in hydration can enhance the side effects of many drugs.
The risks increase with heat
Skin photosensitivity: Some antibiotics and corticosteroids increase the risk of sunburn or skin reactions.
Dehydration and hypotension: Diuretics and certain antidiabetic drugs can alter the water-electrolyte balance, causing fluid loss and low blood pressure.
Heatstroke: Sedatives and antihistamines affect the central nervous system and hinder the body's natural thermoregulation.
The most commonly used medications without medical supervision
Analgesics and anti-inflammatories (ibuprofen, paracetamol).
Antihistamines: used for allergies or insect bites, they can have sedative effects and hinder thermoregulation, leading to heatstroke.
Antidiarrheals: they can mask infections or worsen gastrointestinal symptoms.
Oral and topical antibiotics: they can cause resistance, allergic reactions, or sensitivity to the sun.
Corticosteroid ointments: these can aggravate skin lesions and photosensitivity.
Key recommendations for avoiding risks during the holidays
Before starting any treatment, always consult a healthcare professional.
Avoid using leftover medications or medications prescribed for other people.
Be wary of home remedies without scientific backing, as they can be dangerous or delay diagnosis.
If you are traveling to areas with different sanitary conditions, find out about local risks and consult your doctor beforehand to receive appropriate recommendations.
Always read the package insert to learn about side effects and contraindications.
Pay attention to any adverse reactions such as rashes, dizziness, or nausea.
In summary:
Self-medication is not a harmless practice, and in summer, its risks increase considerably. The use of drugs without medical supervision can mask important symptoms, delay diagnoses, and cause adverse effects, which are aggravated by heat, dehydration, or sun exposure.
Before taking any medication, even over-the-counter drugs, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional. Prevention and proper advice are key to staying healthy and enjoying the summer without setbacks.